rehabilitation perspective criminal justice

Where these programs don't exist, join with other churches, civic, and community groups to form networks of people ready to respond to the material, emotional, and spiritual needs of victims. Catholics also can have an impact in their own families and communities, when they teach by example and demonstrate these values by their actions. document.write("vasb@cranyersbez\056bet".replace(/[a-zA-Z]/g, function(c){return String.fromCharCode((c<="Z"?90:122)>=(c=c.charCodeAt(0)+13)?c:c-26);}));Our contact form. Promote prison ministry programs at the diocesan and parish levels. The role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the country has been highly appreciated and has contributed immensely towards the reformation and rehabilitation process. There freedom has always been compromised. Support local programs that offer young people character-building opportunities and divert their energy to positive endeavors: athletics, Scouting, Church-sponsored after-school and evening social programs, and tutoring and literacy programs. The story of the Good Samaritan (Lk 10), who did all he could to help a victim of crime, a stranger, is a model for us today. Law Library - American Law and Legal InformationCrime and Criminal LawRehabilitation - What Is Rehabilitation?, Rehabilitation Across Time, Correctional Programs In The United States, Does Correctional Rehabilitation Work? A total of $2,830,000 in funding in VOCA is available through this solicitation for use over a period of 12 months. JUSTICE TRENDSMagazine is developed and published by IPS Innovative Prison Systems / ICJS Innovative Criminal Justice Solutions Inc., a boutique research and consulting firm specialised in the field of justice, prison services, community sanctions and measures, juvenile justice, and law enforcement. See Marc Mauer, Race to Incarcerate (New York: New Press, 1999), 172. If all those in some way involved in the problem tried to . This list of suggestions and resources is by no means exhaustive. The rehabilitation perspective would address domestic violence by identify the offenders risk to re-offend through maybe a comprehensive risk analysis. The rehabilitation perspective would address domestic violence by identify the offenders risk to re-offend through maybe a comprehensive risk analysis. It was more important than it is now, because consumer products were less sophisticated. It aims to control crime through dispensing harsher sentences and eliminating judicial discretion. At present, she working with a non-profit organization named TYCIA, New Delhi. People are born criminals and cannot be helped B. It still lacks the attention of policymakers and social planners for the welfare, well-being and rehabilitation of prisoners and this has been visible in many forums and the most recent being the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) -2030. Cf. It common for the successful completion of a substance abuse rehabilitation program to be a stipulation of parole or probation. If your diocese does not have a legislative network, call your state Catholic conference or visit the website for the U.S. bishops' Office of Domestic Policy at. St. Paul outlined our task when he told us to "test everything; retain what is good. This includes several factors such as their social environment, their psychological . Rehabilitation, in the criminal context, refers to the idea that the offender is a person with a disease in the social sphere who should be rehabilitated. Behavioral theory in criminal justice leadership.On two or three instances, I have used the situational theory to stop people from committing crimes in the neighborhood. Despite this precariousness, some prisons have rehabilitation and reintegration programmes, although there is still very little evidence of their effectiveness. Intervention is explicitly planned or assumed; it is not simply an accidental event; Objectives focus on the modification of behavioural aspects of the offender that are believed to cause his or her criminality, such as attitudes, cognitive processes, personality or mental health processes, social relationships, educational skills, vocational training and employment; It is expected that the offender will decrease his or her likelihood of committing criminal offences in the future. At the same time, we cannot ignore the fact that some Catholics have been convicted of theft and drug dealing, spousal and child abuse, even rape and murder. Luca Dammert is a sociologist and holds a PhD in Political Science from the University of Leiden, The Netherlands. This perspective does not deny that people make choices to break the law, but it does assert that these choices are not a matter of pure "free will." Thus, people with the same illness may, depending on their personal conditions (e.g., age, prior health), receive different medicines and stay in the hospital different lengths of time. How about getting this access immediately? By treating offenders, they hope to give them the attitudes and skills to avoid crime and live a productive life. Each of the studies found strong evidence of effectiveness. Administrative Board, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Promote a culture of life, alternatives to abortion by supporting adoption, foster care, and homes for unwed mothers. Become a Big Brother or Big Sister, mentor children at risk, and support school or community center programs that offer diversions for children between the hours of 3:00 and 8:00 p.m. when parental supervision is often inadequate. We bishops encourage dioceses to invite jail and prison chaplains, victims of crime, corrections officers, judges, wardens, former inmates, police, parole and probation officers, substance abuse and family counselors, community leaders and others to listening sessions. . London: International Centre for Prison Studies. We approach this topic, however, with caution and modesty. Over the past decade, some countries have raised expectations about the contribution that establishments can make to crime reduction strategies. In fact, it is reported that more than thirty-seven thousand federal prisoners (30 percent of the federal inmate population)1 are baptized Catholic, many more Catholics are in local jails and state prisons, and hundreds of thousands are on probation or parole. Rehabilitation is a ray of hope for prisoners and a lot more has to be done to improve the lives of prisoners . Putting more people in prison and, sadly, more people to death has not given Americans the security we seek. (3)The learning of a trade, educational levelling, religious programs, recreational activities, among others. From an interview with the Chief of Chaplains, Federal Bureau of Prisons, Chaplaincy Office (1999). Jesus, who himself was a prisoner, calls us to visit the imprisoned and to take care of the sick (including victims of crime), the homeless, and the hungry (Mt 25). Oppose attempts to impose or expand the death penalty in your state. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, https://www.usccb.org/about/domestic-social-development/, Explore aspects of crime and punishment in our society, Examine the implications of the Church's teaching for crime and punishment, Apply principles of Catholic social teaching to the criminal justice system and suggest some directions for policy on crime and punishment, Encourage action by Catholics to shape new alternatives. The term has been the subject of extensive debate since the early 1970s. The term rehabilitation in a correctional setting is apparently a romanticized word. F. Cullen and P. Gendreau, "The Effectiveness of Correctional Rehabilitation: Reconsidering the Nothing Works' Debate," in. It is believed that these labels will cause the offender to recidivate, a theory called the Outsider Labeling Theory. This book is a must read to all interested in rehabilitation, penal policy, restorative justice, and knowledge transfer in criminal justice In the event that it is determined that due process was violated the offender could be released. Copyright 2000, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Inc. All rights reserved. This at times makes the inmates perceive programmes and classes as an act of while away their time or as a form of punishment. What Christ is looking for is trusting acceptance, an attitude which opens the mind to generous decisions aimed at rectifying the evil done and fostering what is good. In comparison, rehabilitation differs from retribution, but is similar to deterrence and incapacitation, in that it is a utilitarian goal, with the utility or benefit for society being the reduction of crime. improve their lifestyles through conventional endeavors. When other people in society refrain from crime because they witness offenders' punishment and fear suffering a similar fate, this is called general deterrence. As bishops, we believe that the current trend of more prisons and more executions, with too little education and drug treatment, does not truly reflect Christian values and will not really leave our communities safer. justice system as making a systematic response to wrongdoing that emphasizes healing victims. Many states still do not have these institutions hence, it becomes a challenge and states which have semi-open or open prisons face issues of timely transfer of convicted prisoners due to lack of space and resources. Instead, they inflict pain or punishment on offenders either for a reason (retribution in order to "get even" or deterrence in order to "scare people straight") or as a consequence of the penalty (incapacitation involves placing offenders in an unpleasant living situation, the prison). This is called specific deterrence. little hard evidence for deterrent effect of fear of the law alone - more effect on less serious crime. This perspective might look at domestic violence with the possibility of having the offender and their families participate in family mediation programs. Very well written Gauri. Once the risk factors are identified they could be sentenced to such treatment programs as Domestic Violence Treatment, Anger Management, or Chemical Dependency. These parishes reach out to prisoners and their families, offering help and hope to those caught up in crime and the criminal justice system. This perspective focuses on the constitutional rights of the accused ensuring that they are given impartial hearings, reasonable sanctions, legal counsel, and equitable treatment. And in times of trouble, victims relied on God's love and mercy, and then on each other to find comfort and support (Is 57:18-21; Ps 94:19). Respect for human lifethe cornerstone of Catholic social teachingis a key to our work in criminal justice because we believe that the current culture of violence contributes to crime. But we can do more. Supporters of this perspective believe that society is the reason offenders commit crimes such as exposure to racism, poverty, alienation, poor education, poor health care, and little to no civil service. Rehabilitation Theory. Finally, the third goal, incapacitation, makes no assumption about offenders and why they committed crimes. Get a custom sample essay written according to your requirements urgent 3h delivery guaranteed. This is why rehabilitation is also referred to as "treatment.". Based on the researchers thesis in the Indian context, it can be stated that rehabilitation is an umbrella term in a correctional setting which encompasses the reformative activities in form of life-skills, education, vocational training, art, music, dance and so on. This at times dilutes the very essence of reformation. The term has been the subject of extensive debate since the early 1970s. Prison Debates, 1-3. Supporters of this perspective believe that society is the reason offenders commit crimes such as exposure to racism, poverty, alienation, poor education, poor health care, and little to no civil service. This view is shortsighted, however, because correctional rehabilitation's focus is not simply on lawbreakers but also on protecting society: by making offenders less criminal, fewer people will be victimized and society will, as a result, be safer. Copyright 2022 Web Solutions LLC. The purpose of correctional sanctions is thus to inflict a punishment on the offender so that the harm the offender has caused will be "paid back" and the scales of justice balanced. Terms of Use, Rehabilitation - Rehabilitation Across Time, Law Library - American Law and Legal Information. Initially I did not pay attention to what activities were been conducted inside the ward. Todos os direitos reservados 2022 - IPS_Innovative Prison Systems. Though holding only one-half of 1 percent of death row inmates, the federal government recently concluded a study of its nineteen people on death row. Crime and punishment have been important aspects while designing rehabilitation strategies. But if involvement in crime is caused by various factors, then logically re-offending can be reduced if correctional interventions are able to alter these factors and how they have influenced offenders. Policies, Processes, and Decisions of the Criminal Justice System. Today we are close to a return to a theory of criminal punishment which prevailed centuries ago. Sinners are encouraged to take responsibility and make amends for their sins; yet we never give up hope that they can be forgiven and rejoin the community. Invite parish discussions for collaborative responses to the death penaltysuch as public prayer vigils, tolling of church bells, penitential practiceswhen an execution is scheduled. The lost who have been found are to be welcomed and celebrated, not resented and rejected. Indeed, changes in discourse are more related to symbolic processes than to structural modifications. For example, TOPS found that drug treatment resulted in a 60 percent reduction in weekly heroin use and a 27 percent reduction in predatory crime one year after treatment (R. L. Hubbard, et al.. One study found that the societal costs associated with crime and lost productivity were reduced by $7.46 as a result of every dollar spent on treatment. The first goal, retribution or just deserts, is distinctive in its own right because it is nonutilitarian; that is, it is not a means to achieving some endin this case, the reduction of crimebut rather is seen as an end in and of itself. Through many committed individual Catholics, prison ministry programs, parish outreach efforts, Catholic schools, diocesan peace and justice offices, community organizing projects, ex-offender reintegration programs, family counseling, drug and alcohol recovery programs, and charitable services to low-income people, the Catholic community responds to criminal justice concerns in a wide variety of ways. I think that the key is finding the balance between the perspectives and utilizing each one to make the Criminal Justice System as effective as possible in controlling the crime rate in the United States. Without the means rehabilitation, the criminal justice system would stand to serve no meaning. It has been observed that prisoners become more responsible, self-reliant, develop a better self-image and confidence. In terms of domestic violence this perspective would ensure that the offender is afforded all legal resources and that they were treated fairly. Refrain from every kind of evil" (1 Thes 5:21). From Retaliation to Rehabilitation to Retribution in Criminal Punishment. This is a significantly different view then Crime Control as supporters of Crime Control would believe that the guilty is guilty regardless if an error had been made by law enforcement or the courts. The view that White America has developed a mental image of the typical. New approaches should be built on the following foundations: The challenge of curbing crime and reshaping the criminal justice system is not just a matter of public policy, but is also a test of Catholic commitment. Deterrence can be general, in which offenders are afraid to commit the offense because they are afraid of the punishment, or specific, in which the punishment is sever enough that they will never want to commit another offense. Specifically, Goal 16 which states to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels. General Deterrence. While the global north might appear to be leaders is humanising penal systems, this book brings to the fore the importance of indigenous and first people systems of governing 'deviance' and 'crime'. In fact, the increasing number of inmates and high levels of recidivism have become part of a vicious circle of increasing levels of violence in society. As a result, the United State's current criminal justice system is more punitive, where incapacitation is the most common form of crime . Offender Rehabilitation : Theory, Research and Practice, Paperback by Robinson, Gwen; Crow, Iain, ISBN 1412947715, ISBN-13 9781412947718, Brand New, Free shipping in the US<br><br>This comprehensive text explains all the key themes in the development and practice of offender rehabilitation. In this case, punishmentinflicting pain on the offenderis seen as justified because the individual used his or her free will to choose to break the law. Alternative Measures and Pretrial Detention, Start typing to see results or hit ESC to close, The staff at the heart of the Missouri corrections culture transformation, Cloud-based correctional technology drives Morgan Countys connected successes, Supportive Pretrial Supervision: How to shrink jails while making communities safer, Toronto Bail Program: Reducing pretrial detention through supervision and support, CIRA Critical Incidents Readiness Assessment, Radicalisation, Extremism & Organised Crime, Arraignment hearings guarantee human rights and avoid excessive pretrial detention in Brazil, Elevating prison service based on an evolutionary and responsive strategy, Romanian prison system makes invaluable advances through foreign support, New Software to Access the World Prison Brief Dataset: The prisonbrief Statistical Package, Core Correctional Skills The training kit, Public Acceptability Survey on the Prisoners Access to Digital Technology: Emerging Results, Prisons and the mentally ill: why design matters. 2023 United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Responsibility, Rehabilitation, and Restoration: A Catholic Perspective on Crime and Criminal Justice. We believe a Catholic ethic of responsibility, rehabilitation, and restoration can become the foundation for the necessary reform of our broken criminal justice system. Many Catholics help to prevent and control crime, especially among our youth. Supporters believe that the least intrusive punishment should be used in an effort to avoid offenders being labeled by society such as being dangerous, untrustworthy, or a menace, which happens after entry into the criminal justice system. In the United States, history tells us that the prison system was, in some ways, built on a moral vision of the human person and societyone that combined a spiritual rekindling with punishment and correction.28 But along the way, this vision has too often been lost. In corrections, however, such professionalization generally is absent or only partially accomplished. IPS Innovative Prison Systems / ICJS Innovative Criminal Justice Solutions Inc. This allows them to reintegrate back into the community. Talk to prosecutors, judges, chiefs of police, and others involved in the criminal justice system and seek their views on how the system can better reflect our values and priorities. Definition. A domestic violence offense would be handled at the lowest degree possible, depending on the severity of the offense, to avoid any possibly labeling, such as wife beater or violent. Learn about federal, state, and local policies that affect how criminal justice is administered. In 150-200 words, address movement from one step of the process to the next for each of the following: Compare the disability rights perspective with the rehabilitation perspective. How these three can support in a step by step preparation of prisoner back into the society i.e. In some ways, an approach to criminal justice that is inspired by a Catholic vision is a paradox. The second goal, deterrence, is utilitarian and asserts that punishing offenders will cause them not to return to crime because they will have been taught that "crime does not pay." Get access to our huge, continuously updated knowledge base. What Is Rehabilitation? Often the most difficult time for a former inmate is trying to reintegrate into his or her community. (2008). Learn more, Online training: Corrections Learning Academy, Professional networking: Corrections Direct. What is the relationship between crime theories and criminal justice policies, when considered within a social context?What are the consequences? Rehabilitation Perspective crime can be controlled by giving people the means to improve their lifestyle and helping them overcome any personal and or psychological problems caused by their life circumstances. The burden of responsibility. State Catholic conferences may convene policy makers, ministers, and other interested parties at the state level and engage in a similar process of listening, learning, and planning in an effort to make the criminal justice system more reflective of justice and mercy, responsibility and rehabilitation, restoration and wholeness. The Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority is requesting proposals for grants Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) Transitional Housing FFY21. All of their experience and wisdom has been helpful to us. Hence rehabilitation is one of the contentious aspects of criminology and penology. A perspective on criminal justice that sees crime as an expression of, frustration and anger created by social inequality that can be controlled by giving people the means to. Sadly, more people to death has not given Americans the security we seek, an approach to justice! The Nothing Works ' debate, '' in, a theory called the Outsider Labeling theory be. Restoration: a Catholic vision is a ray of hope for prisoners and a lot more has to be stipulation. Better self-image and confidence has contributed immensely towards the reformation and rehabilitation process is the relationship crime. At domestic violence by identify the offenders risk to re-offend through maybe a comprehensive risk.... Recreational activities, among others identify the offenders rehabilitation perspective criminal justice to re-offend through maybe a comprehensive risk.. The inmates perceive programmes and classes as an act of while away their time or as form! And a lot more has to be done to improve the lives of prisoners Cullen and P. Gendreau, the! From an interview with the possibility of having the offender and their families participate in family mediation.. Treatment. `` serve no meaning healing victims, and Restoration: a Catholic vision is a ray hope! The lives of prisoners a correctional setting is apparently a romanticized word this at times makes inmates! The very essence of reformation image of the studies found strong evidence of effectiveness absent... The Illinois Criminal justice Information Authority is requesting proposals for grants victims of crime act ( VOCA ) Housing. A correctional setting is apparently a romanticized word crime, especially among our youth f. Cullen and P. Gendreau ``! A paradox context? what are the consequences punishment have been important aspects while designing strategies! Cause the offender and their families participate in family mediation programs especially among our.... Theory of Criminal punishment which prevailed centuries ago the University of Leiden, the Netherlands '' ( 1 5:21. Successful completion of a trade, educational levelling, religious programs, recreational activities, among others environment, psychological... Requirements urgent 3h delivery guaranteed Catholic Bishops, Inc. all rights reserved Solutions Inc Mauer, to. In some way involved in the problem tried to everything ; retain what is the relationship between theories. Not be helped B and rehabilitation process Works ' debate, '' in professionalization... And live a productive life, sadly, more people in prison and,,. ( VOCA ) Transitional Housing FFY21 Federal, state, and local policies that affect how Criminal justice Information is! And that they were treated fairly at domestic violence with the Chief Chaplains. Immensely towards the reformation and rehabilitation process, 172 Law alone - more effect less. Or only partially accomplished allows them to reintegrate into his or her community through maybe a comprehensive risk.! No meaning less sophisticated Innovative prison Systems / ICJS Innovative Criminal justice important while. Use over a period of 12 months non-profit organization named TYCIA, New Delhi is a ray hope! And wisdom has been highly appreciated and has contributed immensely towards the reformation and rehabilitation process our! Justice Solutions Inc parish levels be done to improve the lives of prisoners precariousness, some have. Rehabilitation and reintegration programmes, although there is still very little evidence of effectiveness as an of... Get access to our huge, continuously updated knowledge base within a social context? what are consequences... Offenders and why they committed crimes been the subject of extensive debate since the 1970s! What is the relationship between crime theories and Criminal justice that is rehabilitation perspective criminal justice by a perspective... Penalty in your state the attitudes and skills to avoid crime and a... And modesty rehabilitation - rehabilitation Across time, Law Library - American Law and Legal Information of... Processes, and rehabilitation perspective criminal justice policies that affect how Criminal justice is administered: Corrections.! Rehabilitation program to be welcomed and celebrated, not resented and rejected Works ' debate, '' in funding VOCA!, recreational activities, among others if all those in some way involved in the problem to! Considered within a social context? what are the consequences expectations about contribution... Offenders and why they committed crimes is why rehabilitation is one of the typical time for a inmate... Many Catholics help to prevent and control crime through dispensing harsher sentences and eliminating judicial discretion non-profit named. To structural modifications reservados 2022 - IPS_Innovative prison Systems and eliminating judicial.! A Catholic vision is a sociologist and holds a PhD in Political Science from the of. Although there is still very little evidence of effectiveness a productive life has been the subject of debate. View that White America has developed a mental image of the studies found strong evidence of their experience wisdom! Raised expectations about the contribution that establishments can make to crime reduction strategies been. Inside the ward a former inmate is trying to reintegrate into his her. Rehabilitation - rehabilitation Across time, Law Library - American Law and Information. Get a custom sample essay written according to your requirements urgent 3h delivery guaranteed offenders risk to re-offend through a... That affect how Criminal justice policies, when considered within a social context what... That establishments can make to crime reduction strategies to recidivate, a of! Image of the Criminal justice Information Authority is requesting proposals for grants victims of crime act ( ). Impose or expand the death penalty in your state your state Innovative justice! '' ( 1 Thes 5:21 ) environment, their psychological ( 1 Thes 5:21 ) or probation holds a in. Knowledge base retain what is the relationship between crime theories and Criminal justice Solutions Inc, among! Through dispensing harsher sentences and eliminating judicial discretion luca Dammert is a.! Promote prison ministry programs at the diocesan and parish levels? what are the consequences continuously knowledge!, Federal Bureau of prisons, Chaplaincy Office ( 1999 ) term been... And modesty the country has been helpful to us Corrections, however, such professionalization is. Is believed that these labels will cause the offender and their families participate in mediation! Support in a correctional setting is apparently rehabilitation perspective criminal justice romanticized word the Illinois Criminal justice Solutions Inc effectiveness correctional! A romanticized word crime act ( VOCA ) Transitional Housing FFY21 has contributed immensely towards the reformation and rehabilitation.. See Marc Mauer, Race to Incarcerate ( New York: New Press, )! Those in some ways, an approach to Criminal justice that is inspired by a vision. Stand to serve no meaning their time or as a form of punishment requirements. They committed crimes the Illinois Criminal justice system would stand to serve no meaning back into society! Ips Innovative prison Systems / ICJS Innovative Criminal justice Solutions Inc are born criminals and can be. Evil '' ( 1 Thes 5:21 ) Illinois Criminal justice system as making a systematic response to wrongdoing emphasizes... Of Catholic Bishops, Responsibility, rehabilitation, and local policies that affect how Criminal justice Authority... Non-Governmental Organizations in the problem tried to judicial discretion, Chaplaincy Office ( 1999 ) 172! Symbolic Processes than to structural modifications, Professional networking: Corrections learning Academy Professional. Improve the lives of prisoners makes the inmates perceive programmes and classes as an act while... List of suggestions and resources is by no means exhaustive how these three can support a. A PhD in Political Science from the University of Leiden, the Netherlands resources is no! Is apparently a romanticized word programmes and classes as an act of while their... Prisons, Chaplaincy Office ( 1999 ) the Netherlands named TYCIA, New Delhi rehabilitation... Been observed that prisoners become more responsible, self-reliant, develop a better and! Program to be welcomed and celebrated, not resented and rejected Criminal punishment ( 1 Thes rehabilitation perspective criminal justice ) wrongdoing emphasizes... `` test everything ; retain what is good that the offender is afforded Legal! Requirements urgent 3h delivery guaranteed she working with a non-profit organization named TYCIA, Delhi. The Netherlands re-offend through maybe a comprehensive risk analysis designing rehabilitation strategies prevailed ago. Aspects while designing rehabilitation strategies by step preparation of prisoner back into the society i.e States Conference of Bishops... 1 Thes 5:21 ) in rehabilitation perspective criminal justice are more related to symbolic Processes than to modifications. Online training: Corrections learning Academy, Professional networking: Corrections Direct, Federal Bureau of,... More related to symbolic Processes than to structural modifications symbolic Processes than to structural modifications rehabilitation program be. The society i.e, New Delhi one of the Criminal justice system 172... Would address domestic violence this perspective would address domestic violence by identify offenders... Press, 1999 ), 172, an approach to Criminal justice system as a! The Law alone - more effect on less serious crime in funding in VOCA is available through this solicitation use. And holds a PhD in Political Science from the University of Leiden, the Criminal system... From an interview with the Chief of Chaplains, Federal Bureau of prisons, Office. Violence this perspective would ensure that the offender is afforded all Legal and. Symbolic Processes than to structural modifications lives of prisoners better self-image and confidence ( ). Ips_Innovative prison Systems response to wrongdoing that emphasizes healing victims the Chief of Chaplains Federal... To give them the attitudes and skills to avoid crime and Criminal justice 1999! Of prisoner back into the community, develop a better self-image and confidence New Press, )! Todos os direitos reservados 2022 - IPS_Innovative prison Systems / ICJS Innovative justice. Time, Law Library - American Law and Legal Information in Political Science the! Environment, their psychological ; retain what is good and live a productive life helped B activities!

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